Exploring the Impact of Integrated Fiscal Reforms on Public Expenditure Efficiency in Nigeria
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Background of the Study
Public expenditure efficiency is a critical indicator of good governance and fiscal sustainability. In Nigeria, integrated fiscal reforms are implemented to improve the allocation and utilization of public funds. By combining measures such as enhanced revenue collection, performance-based budgeting, and transparent expenditure tracking, these reforms seek to maximize the impact of public spending (Adeyemi, 2023). Improved efficiency in public expenditure is expected to lead to better service delivery, reduced wastage, and more effective use of scarce resources (Okoro, 2024). Recent empirical studies highlight that integrated fiscal strategies can significantly enhance the efficiency of public spending, thereby supporting broader economic and social development objectives (Balogun, 2025). The integration of fiscal reforms is crucial in addressing historical inefficiencies and ensuring that every naira spent contributes optimally to national development. This study investigates how integrated fiscal reforms influence public expenditure efficiency in Nigeria, examining the link between policy coordination, transparency, and effective resource management (Adeyemi, 2023; Okoro, 2024; Balogun, 2025).
Statement of the Problem
Despite several reform initiatives, public expenditure efficiency in Nigeria remains a major concern. Inefficient allocation of funds, bureaucratic delays, and a lack of accountability have resulted in suboptimal use of public resources (Okoro, 2024). The fragmentation of fiscal policies contributes to wastage and low productivity of government spending. As a result, the intended benefits of fiscal reforms are not fully realized, leading to persistent deficits and underperformance in service delivery. A thorough examination is required to assess whether integrated fiscal reforms can enhance public expenditure efficiency and address these systemic issues (Balogun, 2025; Adeyemi, 2023).
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the impact of integrated fiscal reforms on public expenditure efficiency.
- To identify the factors that hinder efficient public spending.
- To propose strategies for improving expenditure efficiency through better fiscal integration.
Research Questions
- How do integrated fiscal reforms affect public expenditure efficiency in Nigeria?
- What are the main challenges to efficient public spending?
- Which policy interventions can improve expenditure efficiency?
Research Hypotheses
- Integrated fiscal reforms enhance public expenditure efficiency.
- Poor fiscal coordination negatively impacts expenditure efficiency.
- Policy interventions that promote transparency improve public spending outcomes.
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it investigates the role of integrated fiscal reforms in enhancing the efficiency of public expenditure. The insights gained will inform policymakers on effective strategies to optimize resource allocation and improve service delivery, thereby strengthening fiscal sustainability (Adeyemi, 2023; Okoro, 2024; Balogun, 2025).
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study is limited to exploring the impact of integrated fiscal reforms on public expenditure efficiency in Nigeria. It focuses exclusively on fiscal management practices without addressing other governance issues.
Definitions of Terms
• Integrated Fiscal Reforms: Coordinated changes in fiscal policy aimed at improving revenue and expenditure management.
• Public Expenditure Efficiency: The effectiveness with which government spending translates into desired outputs and services.
• Transparency: The openness and accountability in the management of public resources.
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